How is a "head" defined in a game of bowls?

In the game of bowls, a "head" refers to the jack—also known as the target or the small ball—and any bowls that are within the rink boundaries and positioned closer to the jack than any of the opposing team's bowls. This definition is crucial because it establishes which bowls are relevant to scoring in that particular end. The head is the focus of each end, as players aim to have their bowls closer to the jack than their opponents', thereby scoring points.

The other options do not correctly capture the definition of a head in the context of the game. While the highest score in an end and the total number of shots scored by each team are important elements of the game, they pertain more to the overall scoring rather than defining what constitutes a head. The position of only the jack also does not encompass the full definition, as it neglects the significance of other bowls that may contribute to the outcome of that end.